What is Tramadol?
Tramadol is a centrally-acting synthetic opioid analgesic used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain. It works through a dual mechanism — binding to mu-opioid receptors and inhibiting serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Available in immediate-release and extended-release formulations.
Uses and Benefits
- Moderate to moderately severe pain from injuries, surgeries, or chronic conditions
- Chronic pain management (extended-release)
- Post-surgical pain as part of a multimodal plan
- Osteoarthritis and back pain when other treatments are insufficient
Dosage Information
Immediate-Release (50mg, 100mg): 50-100mg every 4-6 hours as needed. Maximum: 400mg/day.
Extended-Release (100mg, 200mg, 300mg): Starting dose 100mg once daily. Maximum: 300mg/day.
Side Effects
Common: Nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, constipation, headache, dry mouth
Serious: Difficulty breathing, seizures, serotonin syndrome, severe allergic reaction
Precautions
- Do not take with alcohol or CNS depressants
- Inform your doctor of all medications, especially MAOIs, SSRIs
- Not recommended with history of seizures
- Use caution in elderly patients and those with kidney/liver impairment
- Do not crush extended-release tablets
How quickly does Tramadol work?
Immediate-release Tramadol begins working within 30-60 minutes, with peak effects at 2-3 hours.
Is Tramadol a controlled substance?
Yes, Schedule IV. Lower abuse potential than Schedule II opioids but requires a valid prescription.
Can I drive while taking Tramadol?
Tramadol may cause drowsiness and dizziness. Do not drive until you know how it affects you.